Senate Bill No. 133–Committee on Commerce and Labor
(On Behalf of Legislative Committee on
Workers’ Compensation)
February 5, 1999
____________
Referred to Committee on Commerce and Labor
SUMMARY—Establishes provisions governing consolidated insurance programs. (BDR 53-384)
FISCAL NOTE: Effect on Local Government: No.
Effect on the State or on Industrial Insurance: No.
~
EXPLANATION – Matter in
bolded italics is new; matter between bracketsauthorizing a contractor or subcontractor who is engaged in the construction of a project that is covered by a consolidated insurance program to elect to obtain his own industrial insurance coverage for his employees who work at the site of the construction project in certain circumstances; authorizing the state industrial insurance system or certain private carriers to provide industrial insurance coverage for a consolidated insurance program; requiring that a consolidated insurance program must provide for the safety and administration of claims of employees of contractors and subcontractors who are engaged in a construction project; setting forth the provisions that must be included within a contract to provide industrial insurance coverage for a consolidated insurance program; allocating responsibility for the payment of claims for industrial insurance that are covered by a consolidated insurance program; and providing other matters properly relating thereto.
THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEVADA, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND ASSEMBLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:
1-1
Section 1. Chapter 616A of NRS is hereby amended by adding thereto1-2
the provisions set forth as sections 2, 3 and 4 of this act.1-3
Sec. 2. "Consolidated insurance program" means a program of1-4
insurance that provides:2-1
1. Industrial insurance coverage;2-2
2. A comprehensive program of safety; and2-3
3. For the administration of claims for industrial insurance,2-4
for each employee of a contractor or subcontractor who is engaged in a2-5
construction project when such an employee works at the site of the2-6
construction project.2-7
Sec. 3. "Contractor-controlled insurance program" means a2-8
consolidated insurance program that is established and administered by2-9
the principal contractor of the construction project.2-10
Sec. 4. "Owner-controlled insurance program" means a2-11
consolidated insurance program that is established and administered by2-12
the owner of the construction project.2-13
Sec. 5. NRS 616A.020 is hereby amended to read as follows: 616A.020 1. The rights and remedies provided in chapters 616A to2-15
616D, inclusive, of NRS for an employee on account of an injury by2-16
accident sustained arising out of and in the course of the employment shall2-17
be exclusive, except as otherwise provided in those chapters, of all other2-18
rights and remedies of the employee, his personal or legal representatives,2-19
dependents or next of kin, at common law or otherwise, on account of such2-20
injury.2-21
2. The terms, conditions and provisions of chapters 616A to 616D,2-22
inclusive, of NRS for the payment of compensation and the amount thereof2-23
for injuries sustained or death resulting from such injuries shall be2-24
conclusive, compulsory and obligatory upon both employers and2-25
employees coming within the provisions of those chapters.2-26
3. The exclusive remedy provided by this section to a principal2-27
contractor extends, with respect to any injury by accident sustained by an2-28
employee of any contractor in the performance of the contract, to every2-29
architect, land surveyor or engineer who performs services for:2-30
(a) The contractor;2-31
(b) The owner of the property; or2-32
(c) Any such beneficially interested persons.2-33
4. The exclusive remedy provided by this section applies to the owner2-34
of a construction project who provides industrial insurance coverage for2-35
the project by establishing and administering a consolidated insurance2-36
program pursuant to section 8 of this act to the extent that the program2-37
covers the employees of the contractors and subcontractors who are2-38
engaged in the construction of the project.2-39
5. If an employee receives any compensation or accident benefits under2-40
chapters 616A to 616D, inclusive, of NRS, the acceptance of such2-41
compensation or benefits shall be in lieu of any other compensation, award2-42
or recovery against his employer under the laws of any other state or2-43
jurisdiction and such employee is barred from commencing any action or3-1
proceeding for the enforcement or collection of any benefits or award under3-2
the laws of any other state or jurisdiction.3-3
Sec. 6. NRS 616A.025 is hereby amended to read as follows: 616A.025 As used in chapters 616A to 616D, inclusive, of NRS,3-5
unless the context otherwise requires, the words and terms defined in NRS3-6
616A.030 to 616A.360, inclusive, and sections 2, 3 and 4 of this act, have3-7
the meanings ascribed to them in those sections.3-8
Sec. 7. Chapter 616B of NRS is hereby amended by adding thereto the3-9
provisions set forth as sections 8 to 21, inclusive, of this act.3-10
Sec. 8. 1. A private company, public entity or utility may:3-11
(a) Establish and administer a consolidated insurance program to3-12
provide industrial insurance coverage for employees of contractors and3-13
subcontractors who are engaged in a construction project of which the3-14
private company, public entity or utility is the owner or principal3-15
contractor; and3-16
(b) Except as otherwise provided in section 9 of this act, as a condition3-17
precedent to the award of a contract to perform work on the construction3-18
project, require that contractors and subcontractors who will be engaged3-19
in the construction of the project participate in the consolidated3-20
insurance program.3-21
2. If a private company, public entity or utility:3-22
(a) Establishes and administers a consolidated insurance program;3-23
and3-24
(b) Pursuant to the contract for the construction of the project, owes a3-25
periodic payment to a contractor or subcontractor whose employees are3-26
covered under the consolidated insurance program,3-27
the private company, public entity or utility shall not withhold such a3-28
periodic payment on the basis that the contractor or subcontractor has3-29
not signed an employer’s report of industrial injury or occupational3-30
disease as required pursuant to NRS 616C.045.3-31
Sec. 9. 1. A contractor or subcontractor, other than the principal3-32
contractor, who is or will be engaged in the construction of a project that3-33
is covered by a consolidated insurance program may elect to obtain his3-34
own industrial insurance coverage for his employees who work at the site3-35
of the construction project if the contractor or subcontractor can obtain a3-36
lower rate for such coverage than the basic premium rate for the3-37
consolidated insurance program that is established pursuant to NRS3-38
686B.177.3-39
2. If a contractor or subcontractor makes the election described in3-40
subsection 1, the employees of the contractor or subcontractor shall not3-41
be deemed to be employees of the owner or principal contractor of the3-42
construction project pursuant to section 17 of this act.4-1
Sec. 10. A consolidated insurance program must not cover more4-2
than one construction project.4-3
Sec. 11. A consolidated insurance program may cover more than4-4
one construction project.4-5
Sec. 12. 1. The system or a private carrier who is authorized to4-6
transact industrial insurance in this state may contract with a private4-7
company, public entity or utility to provide industrial insurance coverage4-8
for a consolidated insurance program.4-9
2. A private company, public entity or utility that enters into a4-10
contract with the system or a private carrier for the provision of4-11
industrial insurance coverage for a consolidated insurance program4-12
shall file a copy of the contract with the commissioner at least 60 days4-13
before the date on which the construction project is scheduled to begin.4-14
3. The commissioner shall, within 60 days after receiving a copy of a4-15
contract pursuant to subsection 2, review and approve or disapprove the4-16
contract. If the commissioner does not disapprove the contract within 604-17
days after receiving it, the contract shall be deemed approved.4-18
Sec. 13. 1. A consolidated insurance program that a private4-19
company, public entity or utility is authorized to establish and administer4-20
pursuant to section 8 of this act must, in the manner set forth in this4-21
section, provide for the safety of an employee of a contractor or4-22
subcontractor who is engaged in the construction project when such an4-23
employee works at the site of the construction project.4-24
2. The owner or principal contractor of the construction project shall4-25
develop and carry out a safety program that includes, without limitation:4-26
(a) The establishment of minimum standards of safety to be observed4-27
during construction of the project;4-28
(b) The holding of regular meetings to address and discuss issues4-29
related to safety;4-30
(c) Training of contractors and subcontractors regarding issues and4-31
procedures related to safety;4-32
(d) Regular inspections of the site of the construction project to4-33
identify potential safety hazards and ensure that minimum standards of4-34
safety are being observed;4-35
(e) The notification of contractors and subcontractors of special4-36
hazards that exist at the site of the construction project, including advice4-37
on ways in which the contractors and subcontractors can avoid those4-38
hazards; and4-39
(f) The prompt investigation of any injuries that take place at the site4-40
of the construction project which result in death or serious bodily injury.4-41
3. The owner of the construction project, if the project is covered by4-42
an owner-controlled insurance program, or the principal contractor of4-43
the construction project, if the project is covered by a contractor5-1
controlled insurance program, shall appoint two persons to serve as the5-2
primary and alternate coordinators for safety for the construction5-3
project. A person so appointed must:5-4
(a) Possess credentials in the field of safety that the commissioner5-5
determines to be adequate to prepare a person to act as a coordinator for5-6
safety for a construction project, including, without limitation,5-7
credentials issued by the:5-8
(1) Board of Certified Safety Professionals;5-9
(2) World Safety Organization;5-10
(3) Insurance Institute of America; or5-11
(4) American Society of Safety Engineers; or5-12
(b) Have at least 3 years of experience in overseeing matters of5-13
occupational safety and health in the field of construction that the5-14
commissioner determines to be adequate to prepare a person to act as a5-15
coordinator for safety for a construction project.5-16
4. The primary and alternate coordinators for safety for the5-17
construction project:5-18
(a) Must be full-time employees of the person or entity that appointed5-19
them;5-20
(b) Must not serve as coordinators for safety for another construction5-21
project that is covered by a different consolidated insurance program;5-22
(c) Shall oversee and enforce the safety program established pursuant5-23
to subsection 2, including, without limitation, resolving problems related5-24
to the operation of the safety program; and5-25
(d) Shall ensure that the contractors, employers and subcontractors5-26
who are engaged in the construction of the project coordinate their5-27
efforts regarding issues of occupational safety and health to create and5-28
maintain a safe and healthful workplace.5-29
5. The alternate coordinator for safety shall report to the primary5-30
coordinator for safety regarding activities that take place at the site of the5-31
construction project when the primary coordinator is absent.5-32
6. The owner of the construction project, if the project is covered by5-33
an owner-controlled insurance program, or the principal contractor of5-34
the construction project, if the project is covered by a contractor-5-35
controlled insurance program, shall ensure that the primary or alternate5-36
coordinator for safety for the construction project is physically present at5-37
the site of the construction project whenever activity related to5-38
construction is taking place at the site.5-39
Sec. 14. 1. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 2 of section5-40
16 of this act, a consolidated insurance program that a private company,5-41
public entity or utility is authorized to establish and administer pursuant5-42
to section 8 of this act must, in the manner set forth in this section,5-43
provide for the administration of claims for industrial insurance for an6-1
employee of a contractor or subcontractor who is engaged in the6-2
construction project when such an employee works at the site of the6-3
construction project.6-4
2. The owner of the construction project, if the project is covered by6-5
an owner-controlled insurance program, or the principal contractor of6-6
the construction project, if the project is covered by a contractor-6-7
controlled insurance program, shall appoint a person to serve as the6-8
administrator of claims for industrial insurance for the construction6-9
project. A person so appointed must not serve as an administrator of6-10
claims for industrial insurance for another construction project that is6-11
covered by a different consolidated insurance program.6-12
3. The administrator of claims for industrial insurance for the6-13
construction project who is appointed pursuant to subsection 2 shall:6-14
(a) Assist an employee who is covered under the consolidated6-15
insurance program or, in the event of the employee’s death, one of his6-16
dependents, in filing a written notice of injury or death as required6-17
pursuant to NRS 616C.015 or a written notice of an occupational disease6-18
as required pursuant to NRS 617.342;6-19
(b) Sign and file on behalf of a contractor or subcontractor whose6-20
employees are covered under the consolidated insurance program an6-21
employer’s report of industrial injury or occupational disease as required6-22
pursuant to NRS 616C.045 or 617.354;6-23
(c) Ensure that an employee who is covered under the consolidated6-24
insurance program and who has been injured or who has incurred an6-25
occupational disease while working on the construction project is6-26
directed to a medical facility that will provide treatment to the employee6-27
under the program; and6-28
(d) Handle all issues, to the extent reasonably practicable, relating to6-29
claims for industrial insurance at the site of the construction project.6-30
4. The owner of the construction project, if the project is covered by6-31
an owner-controlled insurance program, or the principal contractor of6-32
the construction project, if the project is covered by a contractor-6-33
controlled insurance program, shall ensure that the administrator of6-34
claims for industrial insurance for the construction project is physically6-35
present at the site of the construction project whenever activity related to6-36
construction is taking place at the site.6-37
Sec. 15. 1. The contractors and subcontractors who are engaged in6-38
the construction of a project that is covered by a consolidated insurance6-39
program shall post a bond that is adequate to purchase:6-40
(a) Coverage for completed operations liability; and6-41
(b) Industrial insurance coverage for the employees of the contractors6-42
and subcontractors who are engaged in the construction of the project6-43
after the project is completed,7-1
for at least 5 years after the date on which the construction project is7-2
completed, if the project is a residential construction project, or for at7-3
least 3 years after the date on which the construction project is7-4
completed, if the project is not a residential construction project.7-5
2. As used in this section, "completed operations liability" has the7-6
meaning ascribed to it in NRS 695E.030.7-7
Sec. 16. 1. A consolidated insurance program must not provide7-8
industrial insurance coverage, a comprehensive program of safety or for7-9
the administration of claims for industrial insurance for an employee of7-10
a contractor or subcontractor who is engaged in the construction of the7-11
project that is covered by the consolidated insurance program at any time7-12
that such an employee does not work at the site of the construction7-13
project.7-14
2. A consolidated insurance program must not provide industrial7-15
insurance coverage or for the administration of claims for industrial7-16
insurance for an employee of a contractor or subcontractor if the7-17
contractor or subcontractor has elected to obtain his own industrial7-18
insurance coverage pursuant to section 9 of this act.7-19
3. A contractor or subcontractor who is engaged in the construction7-20
of a project that is covered by a consolidated insurance program and who7-21
has not elected to obtain his own industrial insurance coverage pursuant7-22
to section 9 of this act shall maintain separate industrial insurance7-23
coverage for its employees who:7-24
(a) Are not assigned to participate in the construction of the project;7-25
or7-26
(b) Are assigned to participate in the construction of the project but7-27
who do not work at the site of the project.7-28
4. The owner of a construction project, if the project is covered by an7-29
owner-controlled insurance program, or the principal contractor of a7-30
construction project, if the project is covered by a contractor-controlled7-31
insurance program, shall, unless the contractor or subcontractor has7-32
elected to obtain his own industrial insurance coverage pursuant to7-33
section 9 of this act, reimburse a contractor or subcontractor who bids7-34
successfully on the construction project for the cost of providing separate7-35
industrial insurance coverage for an employee if:7-36
(a) The contractor or subcontractor set the amount of his bid in a7-37
reasonable, good faith belief that the employee would work at the site of7-38
the construction project and would therefore be covered by the7-39
consolidated insurance program; and7-40
(b) Because of changed circumstances not reasonably foreseeable at7-41
the time the bid was submitted, the employee worked in whole or in part7-42
at a location other than the site of the construction project, requiring the8-1
contractor or subcontractor to obtain separate industrial insurance8-2
coverage for that employee.8-3
Sec. 17. Except as otherwise provided in section 9 of this act, if an8-4
owner or principal contractor establishes and administers a consolidated8-5
insurance program pursuant to section 8 of this act, each employee who8-6
is covered under the consolidated insurance program shall be deemed to8-7
be an employee of the owner or principal contractor for the purpose of8-8
determining the loss experience of the owner or principal contractor.8-9
Sec. 18. With respect to a construction project for which the owner8-10
intends to establish and administer an owner-controlled insurance8-11
program or the principal contractor intends to establish and administer a8-12
contractor-controlled insurance program, the owner or principal8-13
contractor, as appropriate, shall:8-14
1. In the notice or advertisement for bids for the construction of the8-15
project, state:8-16
(a) That the employees of contractors and subcontractors who are8-17
engaged in the construction of the project will be covered under a8-18
consolidated insurance program when such employees work at the site of8-19
the project; and8-20
(b) Whether such a program will be an owner-controlled insurance8-21
program or a contractor-controlled insurance program; and8-22
2. Hold a pre-bid conference at which it provides to potential8-23
contractors and subcontractors, without limitation, the following8-24
information:8-25
(a) A general explanation of the manner in which a consolidated8-26
insurance program operates;8-27
(b) An overview of the provisions of sections 8 to 21, inclusive, of this8-28
act;8-29
(c) A general description of the safety procedures that will be required8-30
as part of the consolidated insurance program; and8-31
(d) The procedures pursuant to which claims for industrial insurance8-32
will be administered.8-33
Sec. 19. The system or a private carrier who contracts to provide8-34
industrial insurance coverage for a consolidated insurance program8-35
pursuant to section 12 of this act is liable to pay each claim for industrial8-36
insurance that is covered by the program, regardless of whether:8-37
1. The claim is filed after the completion of the construction project;8-38
or8-39
2. Any party to the contract is not transacting business within this8-40
state at the time the claim is filed.8-41
Sec. 20. A contract for the provision of industrial insurance that is8-42
authorized pursuant to section 12 of this act must include, without8-43
limitation:9-1
1. Provisions that require compliance with each of the requirements9-2
relating to safety and the administration of claims for industrial9-3
insurance at the site of the construction project that are set forth in9-4
sections 13 and 14 of this act;9-5
2. The names and qualifications of the persons appointed to oversee9-6
issues of safety and the administration of claims for industrial insurance9-7
at the site of the construction project pursuant to sections 13 and 14 of9-8
this act;9-9
3. The terms and conditions pursuant to which the contract provides9-10
industrial insurance coverage. The terms and conditions must include,9-11
without limitation:9-12
(a) A definition of the site of the construction project that:9-13
(1) Delineates clearly the area within which coverage is provided;9-14
and9-15
(2) Is reasonably contiguous to the actual physical site of the9-16
construction project; and9-17
(b) A description of the scope and details of the construction project9-18
and the duration of industrial insurance coverage that is provided for the9-19
project;9-20
4. A list in which the owner, principal contractor, construction9-21
manager, contractors and subcontractors of the construction project are9-22
set forth as named insureds; and9-23
5. A provision setting forth the penalties to which the owner,9-24
principal contractor, construction manager, contractors and9-25
subcontractors of the construction project may be subject if such persons9-26
or entities fail to comply with the provisions relating to safety and the9-27
administration of claims for industrial insurance that are required9-28
pursuant to sections 13 and 14 of this act.9-29
Sec. 21. The commissioner may adopt such regulations as the9-30
commissioner determines are necessary to carry out the provisions of9-31
sections 8 to 21, inclusive, of this act, to the extent that the authority9-32
granted pursuant to this section does not duplicate authority granted to9-33
the administrator.9-34
Sec. 22. NRS 616B.612 is hereby amended to read as follows: 616B.612 1. Every employer within the provisions of chapters 616A9-36
to 616D, inclusive, of NRS, and those employers who accept the terms of9-37
those chapters and are governed by their provisions, shall provide and9-38
secure compensation according to the terms, conditions and provisions of9-39
those chapters for any personal injuries by accident sustained by an9-40
employee arising out of and in the course of the employment.9-41
2. A contractor or subcontractor shall be deemed to have provided9-42
and secured compensation for his employees as required pursuant to10-1
subsection 1 to the extent that those employees are covered by a10-2
consolidated insurance program.10-3
3. Travel for which an employee receives wages shall, for the purposes10-4
of chapters 616A to 616D, inclusive, of NRS, be deemed in the course of10-5
employment.10-6
10-7
relieved from other liability for recovery of damages or other compensation10-8
for those personal injuries unless otherwise provided by the terms of10-9
chapters 616A to 616D, inclusive, of NRS.10-10
Sec. 23. NRS 616C.045 is hereby amended to read as follows: 616C.045 1.10-12
this act, within 6 working days after the receipt of a claim for10-13
compensation from a physician or chiropractor, an employer shall complete10-14
and file with his insurer or third-party administrator an employer’s report of10-15
industrial injury or occupational disease.10-16
2. The report must:10-17
(a) Be on a form prescribed by the administrator;10-18
(b) Be signed by the employer or his designee;10-19
(c) Contain specific answers to all questions required by the regulations10-20
of the administrator; and10-21
(d) Be accompanied by a statement of the wages of the employee if the10-22
claim for compensation received from the treating physician or chiropractor10-23
indicates that the injured employee is expected to be off work for 5 days or10-24
more.10-25
3. An employer who files the report required by subsection 1 by10-26
electronic transmission shall, upon request, mail to the insurer or third-10-27
party administrator the form that contains the original signature of the10-28
employer or his designee. The form must be mailed within 7 days after10-29
receiving such a request.10-30
4. The administrator shall impose an administrative fine of not more10-31
than $1,000 on an employer for each violation of this section.10-32
Sec. 24. NRS 617.354 is hereby amended to read as follows: 617.354 1.10-34
this act, within 6 working days after the receipt of a claim for10-35
compensation from a physician or chiropractor, an employer shall complete10-36
and file with his insurer or third-party administrator an employer’s report of10-37
industrial injury or occupational disease.10-38
2. The report must:10-39
(a) Be on a form prescribed by the administrator;10-40
(b) Be signed by the employer or his designee;10-41
(c) Contain specific answers to all questions required by the regulations10-42
of the department; and11-1
(d) Be accompanied by a statement of the wages of the employee if the11-2
claim for compensation received from the treating physician or chiropractor11-3
indicates that the employee is expected to be off work for 5 days or more.11-4
3. An employer who files the report required by subsection 1 by11-5
electronic transmission shall, upon request, mail to the insurer or third-11-6
party administrator the form that contains the original signature of the11-7
employer or his designee. The form must be mailed within 7 days after11-8
receiving such a request.11-9
4. The administrator shall impose an administrative fine of not more11-10
than $1,000 against an employer for each violation of this section.11-11
Sec. 25. NRS 686A.200 is hereby amended to read as follows: 686A.200 1.11-13
act, no person shall require, directly or indirectly, or through any trustee,11-14
director, officer, agent or employee or affiliate, as a condition, agreement11-15
or understanding to selling or furnishing any other person any loan, or11-16
extension thereof, credit, sale, goods, property, contract, lease or service,11-17
that such other person shall place, continue (other than as to life insurance)11-18
or renew any policy of insurance of any kind through any particular agent,11-19
broker or insurer. No agent, broker or insurer shall knowingly participate in11-20
any such prohibited plan or transaction. No person shall fix a price charged11-21
for such thing or service, or discount from or rebate upon price, on the11-22
condition, agreement or understanding that any insurance is to be obtained11-23
through a particular agent, broker or insurer.11-24
2. Subsection 1 does not prevent:11-25
(a) The exercise by any such person upon a reasonable basis of any right11-26
to approve or disapprove of the insurer and representative to underwrite the11-27
insurance. Such basis shall relate only to the adequacy and terms of the11-28
coverage with respect to the interest of the vendor, lender, lessor or11-29
provider of service to be insured thereunder, the financial standards to be11-30
met by the insurer, and the ability of the insurer or representative to service11-31
the policy.11-32
(b) The exercise by the vendor, lender, lessor or provider of service of11-33
the right to furnish or renew the insurance, and to charge the account of the11-34
other person with the costs thereof, if such other person fails to deliver such11-35
insurance to the lender, vendor, lessor or provider of service, where11-36
otherwise called for and in order, at least 15 days prior to expiration of the11-37
existing policy.11-38
Sec. 26. NRS 686A.220 is hereby amended to read as follows: 686A.220 1.11-40
act, no officer or employee of this state, or of any public agency, public11-41
authority or public corporation (except a public corporation or public11-42
authority created pursuant to agreement or compact with another state), and11-43
no person acting or purporting to act on behalf of such officer or employee,12-1
or public agency or public authority or public corporation, shall, with12-2
respect to any public building or construction contract which is about to be12-3
or which has been competitively bid, require the bidder to make application12-4
or furnish financial data to, or to obtain or procure any of the surety bonds12-5
or contracts of insurance specified in connection with such contracts or by12-6
any law from, a particular insurer or agent or broker.12-7
2.12-8
officer or employee or any person acting or purporting to act on behalf of12-9
such officer or employee shall negotiate, make application for, obtain or12-10
procure any of such surety bonds or contracts of insurance (except12-11
contracts of insurance for builder’s risk or owner’s protective liability)12-12
which can be obtained or procured by the bidder, contractor or12-13
subcontractor.12-14
3. This section does not, however, prevent the exercise by such officer12-15
or employee on behalf of the state or such public agency, public authority12-16
or public corporation of its right to approve the form, sufficiency or manner12-17
of execution of the surety bonds or contracts of insurance furnished by the12-18
insurer selected by the bidder to underwrite such bonds or contracts of12-19
insurance.12-20
4. Any provisions in any invitation for bids or in any of the contract12-21
documents in conflict with this section are declared to be contrary to the12-22
public policy of this state.12-23
5. A violation of this section is subject to the penalties provided by12-24
NRS 679A.180 (general penalty).12-25
Sec. 27. 1. This section and sections 1 to 10, inclusive, and 12 to 26,12-26
inclusive, of this act become effective on October 1, 1999.12-27
2. Section 10 of this act expires by limitation on September 30, 2001.12-28
3. Section 11 of this act becomes effective on October 1, 2001.~